Tuesday, July 22, 2014

Build the Perfect Main Camp Pack

Tips to help you build the perfect main camping pack

by Karen Pierce AKA KayakChic, experienced outdoor enthusiast.Updated: 7-23-14



Life is Good :)

This is one post of a series in the blog titled 
"Camping, Kayaking and Outdoor Gear" at http://backroadrivers.blogspot.com/. All posts have tips, techniques and product reviews from personal experience and knowledge. 

Blog Sections:
Steps to Build your Main Pack
Main Pack Styles
Appliances
Cookware & Dishes
Utensils
Misc Pack Items
Exterior Pack Attachments
Additional Pack Items Idea's
Insect Repellent


Steps to Build your Main Pack


Things will go smoother and omits re-purchasing like items of different types, if you simply think ahead before you start building the perfect camp pack. Make your decisions in this order:

1) Decide what type of pack to design
- Car or Tent Camping
- Solo or Family Camping
- Full Backpacker's Set Up
- Primitive or Electric Camping

My pack is for car or tent camping, consisting of kitchen & basic camp essentials for 1-3 people with propane appliances. All housed in a heavy canvas pack. Since propane cylinders are large, they are not stored inside the pack itself but rather placed in a separate bag and attached to outside pack handle.

Butane and other stove types will reduce the bulk and possibly allow fuel to be carried in the pack as well. It's your choice so you decide. Your personal budget may be the biggest factor to consider, as the really cool stuff comes with a hefty price tag. I've given examples for all prices ranges to help you make decisions.


2) Choose your fuel type or power source
- Propane
- Butane
- White Liquid Gas
- Unleaded Gas
- Kerosene
- Alcohol
- Esbit Solid Fuel Tabs
- Electric
- Battery & Rechargables

Fuel Supply Availability:
It's a good idea to also take fuel supply into consideration when picking out your stove.  Rural area's doesn't always have supplies available if you should need to replenish your stock. In the Ozark Mountains where I live, I would have to travel 30-50 miles to buy esbit tabs or a butane bottle for those fancy little backpacking stoves. I chose propane for the wide availability at nearly every gas station in my region and also for a safety feature so that my young child isn't around liquid fuel. So, propane is the most ideal solution for me.

One Fuel for All:
Back in the day, I had the classic pump and prime white gas Coleman stove, a propane lantern, and lights and devices that used all different kinds of batteries.  As times changed, my pack has evolved in a more compact and efficient manor.  I selected propane as my fuel and only bought propane powered appliances so that I don't have to  pack around all kinds of fuel for different products.

One Battery Type for All: 
After efficient LED lights came around, I try to buy all battery powered items that use one type of battery.  The box of AA batteries I keep on hand will replenish numerous products at camp, like flashlights, headlamps, radio's, lighting etc. Rechargeables are now taking over, which is fine if you have power available to recharge. Careful product investigation allowed me to choose products that that are both rechargeable AND battery powered. It's worth the extra initial cost when you run out of juice in the middle of the forest.

I also chose the Coleman CPX6 system for larger items at base camp, which has interchangeable battery cartridges among devices with choice of battery or rechargeable. This is discussed in the Complete Tent Buyers Guide blog in the Car Camping Section.

3) Choose your appliances
- Stove
- Lantern
- Flashlights/Headlamps/Lighting

*I chose a one burner propane stove and a one mantle propane lantern. All battery pack lighting uses AA batteries.

4) Choose your pack
 - Make a diagram for pre-planning
 - Decide if you want bedding or clothing
    in the pack to determine what size you will need
- Decide the style of pack
- Decide what construction material to select

*I chose a heavy duty canvas pack by Orvis, as I mainly do car or tent camping.

5) Choose your essentials
-Pick items that have multi-purposes
-Pick nesting, folding or telescoping items
-Save/Reuse all trial size and mini size containers
-Consider item weight & durability:
     Steel:  Heaviest
     Enamelware:  Plated steel, heavy, rustproof until chipped
     Stainless Steel: Heavy
     Aluminum: Lightweight, less durable
     Aluminum Alloy: Hard, anodized, excellent durability
     Titanium: Lightweight, durable, expensive
     Plastic: Lightweight, cheap
     Polypropylene: Durable Acetal plastic, heat resistant
     Tritan™ copolyester Plastic: heat-resistant, durable
     Food-grade Nylon: high melting point, strong & rigid

Aluminum Note: 
Some bad reviews state that items are made from thin cheap aluminum. Well...it's meant to be that way! Because its super lightweight and heats quickly which in turn conserves fuel. Alum dishes are not heavy duty and designed to be that way.  



MAIN PACK STYLES



Outdoor Products
Canvas & Bullhide Backpack
Size: 18"H x 14"W x 7"D
Price: $200 at www.orvis.com
Monogramming Available

My main camping backpack stays ready to go at anytime and has everything I need for 2+ people.  If it's a spur of the moment outing or just to tote around in the car for those unplanned trips, I can count on my main pack to get me through.  If there are more people joining me, then more gear or larger items will be needed but I still bring this pack along in case there was anything I may have forgotten.

My pack is not a backpacker's pack, for it is not lightweight by any means, but it could be transformed to suit individual needs. First off, my Orvis backpack is made of heavy canvas and leather for a durable long lasting pack year after year.  Second, it's a medium size that does not accommodate bedding or clothing. Lastly, the items inside are propane fueled and not necessarily the smallest, lightest products available. I will make notes for other options more suitable for the backpackers to alleviate weight.

Start by picking out your size and style of pack and then fill it accordingly to suite your own needs. Choose the type and size of items that will nicely fill the space. I prefer a pack with lots of compartments, pockets and zippers to fully take advantage of organization of all those numerous tiny little items.  I personally don't like to dump out the entire pack just to find what I'm looking for.  My heavy canvas backpack is sturdy enough to stand up on its own and not fall over when the flap is open.  It's like opening the cabinet door and I can easily retrieve whatever I need in any situation and then put it back in its original spot.


Outdoor Products

My Orvis pack is actually a business model, that's made to fit a laptop computer and office supplies.  I find this layout useful, as the dividers and compartments are handy for organizing all my stuff and makes it easy to find and repack items during camp out.

Some lightweight nylon packs will constantly fall over if the outer pockets are stuffed too much.  Single compartment bag-type packs will become a huge cluttered mess to dig through on a regular basis.  I like to keep the annoyances at a minimum myself, but my pack is not really meant to take hiking either.  Choose your most common outdoor style and start from there.



The list of items in my med size pack may seem over extensive to some, but it's about the product size, multi-use items and just has everything needed for an overall camping experience...all in one bag. 

APPLIANCES



The propane stove and lantern in my pack are relatively small when you take off the propane tank, so the fuel is the bulk of these appliances. I have used both of these for many years without fail.


Outdoor Products

Coleman One Burner Propane Stove
Price $40 at www.coleman.com




Coleman One Mantle Propane Lantern
Price $30 at www.coleman.com


Outdoor Products

Coleman Lantern Hanger (in base camp pack).
Chain wraps around any tree or pole, so limbs are not required to hang your lantern. Price: $5 at www.walmart.com


OTHER FUEL TYPE OPTIONS..........


Outdoor Products

Esbit Solid Fuel Stove & Cookset
Price: $30 at www.rei.com

Jetboil Butane Stove & Cookset
Price: $100 at www.rei.com
Outdoor Products
MSR Whisperlight White Gas Stove
Price: $100 at www.rei.com
Outdoor Products
Triangia Alcohol Stove Cookset
Price: $35 at www.rei.com


OR make your own ultra light alcohol stove from an aluminum can! One popular design is the Penny Stove. This brings on a whole new topic for yet another blog post in this outdoor series.

DISHES



Aluminum 9 cup Coffee Percolator 

This is my old faithful vintage Mirro coffee pot percolator that's been with me most of my adult life. It shows its age and use by the imperfections acquired over the years, with slight dents and scratches in the thin aluminum.  But it's been a favorite for it's light weight and it's perfect size. 

A 1 liter water bottle fills it perfectly and the bottle fits in the mesh drink holder pocket on the side of my pack. It makes enough coffee to fill a full size Stanley thermos or if solely using my main pack, it fills a tall insulated go cup and a small thermos.  As I previously stated, this doubles as a cook pot as well.  Small essentials like dish soap and rags could also be stored inside the coffee pot to conserve space. 

Outdoor Products

Outdoor Products Outdoor Products

Outdoor Products Outdoor Products





Vintage Mirro 9 cup models like mine
     can be found on eBay for about $20.
New models around $30 may now be under the names of
    "T-Fal/Wearever 5509000 Comet 9-Cup Percolator".
Farberware Yosemite 8 Cup heavy Stainless Steel
    found everywhere for around $30
Ecolution 9 Cup Aluminum Percolator 
     Price: $23 at Walmart


Tip for Percolators:
Sometimes clean up can be a hassle.  For my 9 cup coffee pot, I use 3-4 Maxwell House single serve bags (like tea bags) or Folgers Mini Pods.  This not only omits cleaning out the loose coffee grounds in the tray, but it traps all the coffee bean oils that line the interior of the pot.  You can simply rinse with water and swipe with a towel. Soap is optional. They make special filters for the percolator tray as well, but I find them to be kind of a pain and doesn't work as well.  If you have a larger pot, then use 2 Maxwell House Filter Packs for the mini drip coffee makers (like in motels).  Walmart carries these, and it's in a tall box type package. Either way, there's no need for scoopers, measuring, filters or mess and either one will fit flat inside your pack.


Tip for Glass Tops:
It's inevitable that any glass will get broken in the camp gear.  I freaked out when I opened my pack and found that the glass top on my percolator had cracked.  Luckily I found replacements at a local flea market and bought all 3 available so I would have a back up. I now wrap the glass in a cloth and put it inside the basket for storage. I roll up a hot pad beside it for extra protection. New glass top replacements by Fitz-All®  are $4 at www.acehardware.com with two different sizes available. I would look at the manufacturer site first to see if one's available specifically for your brand and model.  Universal and generic parts doesn't always work out for me.


Percolator Bottom Line:
You could go with a smaller pot if your short on pack space, but the 9 cup is perfect for me as I enjoy several cups of java in the mornings outdoors. You could go with a more sturdy material like stainless steel, but I prefer the lightweight aluminum. Another coffee option is the French Press, if you do not wish to have a percolator or use the backpacker stove setup. I personally wouldn't trade my vintage aluminum 9 cup for anything.

In my own pack, I simply put in 3 single serve coffee packets, empty the water bottle, perc & drink coffee, rinse out percolator and repack.



Outdoor Products

Aluminum Backpackers Nesting Mess Kit
Price: $10 at www.coleman.com

*Small Skillet with detachable handle
*Small Pot with lid
*Small Plate
*Small Plastic Cup with handle

Other Mess Kit Options:

Texsport makes a Stainless Steel Version (heavier)
     $22 at www.basspro.com
GSI has great backpacker sets in many designs (all types)
     $50-$100 at www.basspro.com
Snowpeak offers nice titanium versions (sturdy lightweight)
     $100 at www.rei.com
Jetboil makes the ultimate backpackers system
     $100 for stove + cooking cup at www.rei.com


Bottom Line:
I decided to go with the light weight aluminum cheap-O set, add a small Teflon skillet behind the stack and since I prefer to use a coffee percolator, I can also use it for a larger cooking pot as well. This set up works fine for me. I cook all breakfast foods in the Teflon skillet, heat up soups in the little pot, boil pasta and rice in the coffee pot, have 2 alum plates, an extra cup and still have a nice cup of perc coffee in the morning.

Mini Pot Warning:
The small pots with a swing handle in the middle must be handled carefully.  If the food or liquid is not perfectly level in the pan, then the pan will tip when you pick it up by the center handle, thus spilling your food onto the ground.


Outdoor Products Outdoor Products

I use a long handled hot pot gripper to clamp onto the side of the pot instead of using the swing handle. Problem solved! I also have a small silicone gripper from a kitchen store if you are looking to conserve space. This would fit inside the pot itself for storage. A last alternative to handling hot pots is to use leather gloves.
Stanley Outdoor Mug

In the back flat pocket of my pack, I keep a small stack of paper plates along with a small cutting board and a flexible cutting board sheet used for food prep/spoon rest.
I generally use the alum mess kit for plates & bowls and typically just eat out of the cooking pan when I'm solo. But I also have the double duty Eddie Bauer nesting mug set that offers 2 bowls or 2 lg mugs with handles and one sipping lid. (Stanley makes a comparable model).

Inside the mug I stow a few essentials for cooking and cleanup. 3 mini bottles of dish soap, hand sanitizer and cooking oil. These mini bottles were originally a pack of travel hand sanitizers that I'm reusing. 1/2 of a sponge, a dish rag and a net bag for a dish drainer.



Dish Drainer Tip:
I purchased a set of thin net bags with a draw string from Lowes.  I use these as a dish drainer.  It keeps all the little items together, keeps all the tree and bug debris off and can even submerge the entire bag in a fresh water river to rinse the soap off everything at once.  Hang the bag in the sun for quick drying time.

Outdoor Products


The Kitchen Sink by Sea to Summit

Price $20-30 at www.rei.com

And yes, I even have "The Kitchen Sink" in my pack! Sea to Summit makes a collapsible soft sided bin that folds up in a small mesh bag. Available in 5-10-20 liter sizes. It works like one of those swimming pools with an inflatable top ring.  It's merely a bag that erects when full of water and has a ring at the top to hold its bowl shape. 

Other Dish Options:



Outdoor Products Outdoor Products


REI Nesting Tableware Set - Service for 4

4 bowls, 4 plates, 4 cups, 4 utensil sets, wash bin, drying rack, cutting board. Nests neatly in a square multi use box 10 x 9.25 x 3.25. Price: $40 only at www.rei.com.

UTENSILS & FLATWARE



Large Serving Spoon
Spatula-flexible tip
Tongs-self locking
Hot Pot Gripper-long handled
Filet Knife-long blade, leather sleeve
Filet Knife-short blade, leather sleeve
Pocket Knife-locking blade
Can Opener
Cork Screw/Bottle Opener
Toothpicks
Plastic Flatware-in pencil bag


Campfire Hot Dog Forks-Retractable:
I know, whittle a stick right? Well, I am often times on the river or in a tall pine forest where small green branches are not necessarily available. Plus, cooking a dog in a matter of seconds is worth its weight in gold sometimes! Shopping Tip: Look at dollar shops and bargain sections at stores.  The cheaper they are the smaller are, as a general rule. I found these very packable forks at Dollar Tree and they actually expand to a pretty long length. 

Tip for sharp objects in your pack:
Save tube like containers to slide the sharp ends into so that they don't cut through your pack. "M&M mini's" and "Save the Earth Gum" plastic containers work great.




2 Folding Fork/Spoon/Knife sets:
Since these type of sets contain all your basics, you could omit a few other essentials like a can opener if you needed.  I on the other hand am too old and too impatient to spend any amount of time trying to pry open the lid of a soup can!  I carry these just for the fork, knife and spoon, which snap together and fold up in a small space. Note the knife and fork are on separate handles, in case you have a chunk of meat to cut. 

Outdoor Products     
Stainless Steel Hobo Tool 
by Ozark Trail
Price: $4 ea at Walmart


Salt & Pepper Shaker:

This backpackers special is ideal for a bit of salt & pepper with your meals.  I once bought a whole bunch of these to make a portable spice rack, but that didn't work out too well.  Obviously the seal is not tight enough for certain types of spices, which will draw moisture and clump up. This is especially true for chicken and beef broth granules. Seems to work fine for salt and pepper though. 

Outdoor Products
Salt/Pepper-Dual Shaker
Price: $2 at Walmart or Coleman


Opener Options: 
The Swiss Army Knife, Hobo Tool or Multi-Tool should have a can opener, bottle opener and cork screw built in. I prefer to have a full size can opener and a full size cork screw, but if one should ever break I always have an emergency back up. 

Other Flatware Options:
3 pc nesting fork/spoon/knife sets available. 16 pc polycarbonate flatware sets under $10. Backpackers options at www.rei.com like the titanium Spork $10 and Snow Peak combo spork/spatula $16.




MISC PACK ITEMS



Headlamp:
Note: My 4 lamp LED is fine for close up pilfering, but my non LED headlamp projects a much farther distance into the darkness. Unsure about all the brand comparisons. I do have to say my LED MAG light shines farther than the old style one.  Just be aware of differences. If you wear hats, there is a small clip on light or even better, a cap that has built in lights in the bill. I bought one for my dad at Lowes and it was surprisingly awesome! LL Bean and Walmart sells them too.

LED Mini Lantern:
Lots to choose from in this category.  Although I have my propane lantern for general lighting, this little battery lantern serves its purpose during camp.  It has a back shield that slides up so that blinding light can be avoided.  Great for car camping, has a hanger for the tent or just general purpose lighting. Tip: A sleeve for sunglasses fits snugly over the lens for protection. 


Mini Micropaker LED Micropacker
Price: $15 at www.coleman.com


Clothesline w/ a Rope Ratchet:
The things I come up with when broken items never get thrown away! I made a recycled clothesline from guy line ropes I salvaged from a broken canopy and the racket I saved from a wore out rope tie down (not the flat nylon strap type). Attach a long length of rope to a rope ratchet on one end and make a semi-large loop knot on the other end. Thread the rachet end through the loop around a tree or pole and then simply pull the ratchet on the other end to tighten. This makes a quick and easy clothesline for wet towels, clothes, etc. Make a single line for long spans, or double lines for a short span between trees. I got the idea from just using any style ratchet tie downs in the 1st place, but most are relatively short in length so had to bind several together. 




Roll of Nylon Twine
Long Handled Lighter
Windproof Torch Lighter
Zippo Lighter Fluid- for firestarter
Mini DeSolve It-for degreaser
Kleenyx-Mini Travel Pack
Wet Wipes-Mini Travel Pack
Plastic Grocery Sacks-for trash bags



EXTERIOR PACK ATTACHMENTS


2 pk Propane Bottles:
Fits perfectly in a zippered soft sided lunch box for easy toting. If need be, use a large carabiner clip to attach to the hand loop on the pack.




Ground Blanket/Nylon Tarp/Flannel Blanket:
Very thin, lightweight, folds into a small pack and has multi-purposes. Comes with 4 ground stakes, as it will fly away in the wind.


Outdoor Products


ABO Ground Hog Outdoor Blanket
$40 at www.ABOgear.com (no longer offered)
$25 at www.sierratradingpost.com (closeout)


Coleman makes an affordable ($6 at www.academy.com) side compression sack for sleeping bags that sheds water and has a carabiner clip to attach to pack. Add the fold n' go travel pillow to complete your bed. Sea to Summit makes high quality roll top waterproof bags and top compression bags available at www.rei.com or any major outdoor store.

Outdoor Products Outdoor Products Outdoor Products



ADDITIONAL PACK ITEM IDEA'S


Since I am an avid outdoor play person, I keep numerous items in my vehicle at all times.  "Normal" people who doesn't drive a stocked safari 4x4 may want to include some of these items in their main pack. Your pack size will determine how many things will fit.


Outdoor Products

Wood Hauling Strap:
Take a section of rope or salvage the nylon strap from a broken ratchet tie down and make a small loop on one end.  Thread the other end through to make a slip loop. This is perfect for gathering piles of kindling and small sticks as the slip loop will adjust as you add to it. You can then just pick up the pile by the "handle" and carry the bound pile with one arm or throw it over your shoulder. Put the loop around a large log to pull it out of debris, up a steep hill or to even to drag it back to camp. Leather gloves will help your hands during a heavy load. A simple but must have item in my pack.

1st Aid Kit - Nissan Xterra SUV's have one built in! :)
     Bare Minimum: 
    * Itch Relief (poison ivy / bug bites)
    - Chapstick size=Burt's Bees Outdoor Bug Bite Relief
     - Spray Bottle=Benadryl Itch Relief
    * Aloe Gel (sunburn/fire burns)
    * Benadryl Pills (allergic emergency)
     - Chewables available for all ages
    * Band-Aids (with butterfly's for skin cuts)
    * Neosporin (Antibiotic for cuts)
    * Pain Reliever (and fever reducer)
    * Note: Hand Sanitizer contains Alcohol (for sterilization)

Insect Repellent (see details below)
Sunscreen
Multi-Tool
Walkie Talkies-for weather radio
Compass / GPS
River/Forest Maps
Lg Mag Light
Leather Work Gloves
Vehicle Window Screens
    (See car camping section of Complete Tent Buyers Guide)
Extra Battery Stock
Waterproof Matches 
     or matches in waterproof matchbox
Emergency Foil Blanket
Disposable Poncho
Roll of Toilet Paper
Paper Napkins
Lg Soft Packet Wet Wipes
     or individually wrapped WetOnes
Repair & Patch Kits
     Nylon / Vinyl / Duct Tape / Sewing

INSECT REPELLENT


Besides the itchy bites and annoyance from bugs, there's the threat of contracting a serious illness too.  Ticks carry Lyme disease and mosquitoes spread serious illnesses such as West Nile virus and malaria.

It's a general rule now days that if a product works, they will quit making it!  It is my opinion, that the only ingredient that truly keeps ticks, chiggers and mosquito's away is DEET, the chemical repellent N-diethyl-meta-toluamide. The higher the percentage the better right?   From what I've read, choose no more than 30% DEET for long lasting protection with minimal health risks. Gadgets and devices do not work. A few Organic products and herbal remedies may slightly work and will have to be reapplied frequently.


Bug Spray Bottom Line:
Once you have had your entire ankle consumed by chiggers or had a ball of seed ticks fall on your from a brushed tree limb...you will be a believer of DEET as well. Its up to you what you should put on your children. I choose to not have my son wake up with 100 bug bites on his body. Consistent reports I have read on the net say to not use over 30% DEET concentration to stay in a safe health risk zone.

Top Rated Repellants: Consumer Reports


1) OFF! Deep Woods Sportsmen II or IV - 30% deet (blue)
    Lasts: 8+ Hours

    * OFF! Deep Woods Sportsmen - 25% deet (blue)
    Price: $5 Size: 6 oz Pump Spray
    *Deep Woods Sportsmen I
    Mini 1 oz spray 95% Deet

    * OFF! Deep Woods - 30% deet (green)
    Price: $5 Size: 6 oz Aerosol
    Price: $7.50 Size: 11 oz Aerosol
    Price: $8 Size: 9 oz Pump Spray-25%
    I personally use this one with good results.
    ABC News Results: 2 hours, up to 6 hrs.
    Reviews say "Dry" version stains.

2) Cutter Backwoods - 23% deet (green/orange lid)
    Price: $7 walgreens  Size: 6 oz Aerosol
    Price: $                     Size: 11 oz Aerosol
    Lasts: 8+ Hours

3) OFF! Family Care S&D - 15% deet (white/orange lid)
    From Skintastic
    Price: $5.50 Size: 4 oz Aerosol
    Price: $8.00 for 2-pk 4 oz
    Price: $3.00 Size: 2.5 oz Aerosol
    Lasts: 8+ Hours

    *OFF! Family Care - 7%
    Less Effective Liquid Spray

4) 3M Ultrathon 8 - 25% deet (Pine Trees)
    Price: $6.50 Walgreens Size: 2 oz Lotion
    Lasts: 8+ Hours
   
    *3M Ultrathon - 34.34% deet
    Price: $6.50 Size: 2 oz Lotion
    Claims: 12 hr, sweatproof

    *3M Ultrathon 8 -23.75% deet
    Price: $6 Size: 6 oz Aerosol
    Claims: 8 hours


5) Natrapel -  20% Picaridin    
    (chemical similar black pepper compound)
    Price: $6 walgreens Size: 3.4 oz pump
    $4 Amazon Size: 1 oz mini spray
    Lasts: 7 hours

    *Natrapel 8 hour - 80% Picardin (green)
    $8 Walgreens Size: 5 oz spray can
   
    *OFF! Skintastic pump spray - 5% Picardin


Organic Lemon Eucalyptus Naturals:


Repel Lemon Eucalyptus:
Contains a synthetic version of a naturally occurring chemical. Consumer Reports say it used to last 7 hours but has now been reformulated with less of the active ingredient (from 40% to 30%) thus has been taken out of the top ratings. National Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says not to use the Repel product on kids younger than 3 yrs old.

It appears there are no choices available with 40% Oil of Lemon Eucalyptus that Consumer Reports once ranked so highly. Here are the choices now:

Repel Old Version: Discontinued by manufacture
40% Oil of Lemon Eucalyptus (65% p-menthane-3,8 diol)
Repel Reformulated Version:
30% Oil of Lemon Eucalyptus (65% p-menthane-3,8 diol)
Price: $7 Size: 4 oz pump spray

Cutter Lemon Eucalyptus
30% Oil of Lemon Eucalyptus (65% p-menthane-3,8 diol)
Price: $5 Size: 4 oz Pump Spray

Coleman Botanicals Insect Repellent 
30.9% Oil of Lemon Eucalyptus (65% p-menthane-3,8 diol)Price: Size: 4 oz Pump Spray


High Concentrate DEET: Over 30%


1) Off! Deep Woods Sportsmen-98% deet
    mini pump spray

2) Jungle Juice-100% deet
    Small Liquid Bottle
3) Repel Sportsmen Max - 40% deet (green)
    Aerosol Spray


Low or Ineffective Repellants:



1) Garlic or vitamin B1 pills
    Consumer Report Results: Fail

2) Cutter Skinsations - 7% deet
    Price: $4 Size: 6oz Liq Spray
    ABC News Results: 1 hour
    Consumer Reports: 4 hours

3) Off! Botanicals Lotion w/eucalyptus oil derivative
    ABC News Results: 1 hr 45 min

4) Lentek "Mosquito Contro Plus" buzzing wrist band
    ABC News Results: Fail
    Consumer Report say no wrist band works
    Price: $20

5) Off! Clip-on Device: Metofluthrin
    Consumer Report Results: Fail.
    Poses nervous system risk.


Repellent Sources:

*ABC News Mosquito Repellent Test Results:
This study is not scientific nor does it promote specific brands. It is a simple test of applying the product and sticking their arm in a cage full of mosquito's.  Sounds like a good test to me! DEET: ABC News quote... "Parents should know, however, that while most experts say DEET products are safe, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends children only use products with less than 10 percent DEET." http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/story?id=126006


*Consumer Reports Repellent Tests & Info:
DEET: Consumer Reports quote... "Products with 95 percent or more deet have been linked with serious side effects, including seizures, slurred speech, and coma. It can also cause eye irritation and allergic reactions. Our experts recommend using no more than 30 percent deet, ever. Instead, reapply a product with 15 percent deet (such as Off FamilyCare Smooth & Dry spray) and use it sparingly. Each application will protect you from mosquito and tick bites for at least 8 hours. Children, seniors, and people with weakened immune systems should use deet only with extra caution. The American Academy of Pediatrics says not to use it at all on infants younger than 2 months." http://www.consumerreports.org/cro/2014/05/best-way-to-stop-bug-bites/index.htm


CONCLUSION


Your main pack is an extension of you. Build it as you please and fill it with all the happy little things that make your outdoor experience a pleasant one. 




Go Out and Play!




Sunday, June 22, 2014

COMPLETE TENT BUYERS GUIDE


An extensive blog with info about selecting the perfect tent, car camping and product reviews including a list of select tents for 2014
by Karen Pierce AKA KayakChic, experienced outdoor enthusiast. Updated: 6-23-14.


This COMPLETE TENT BUYERS GUIDE article is a post in the blog titled "Camping, Kayaking and Outdoor Gear" www.backroadrivers.blogspot.com


INTRODUCTION:

Explore different types of tent options before you explore the outdoors. I am sharing my knowledge from many years of outdoor activates.  You can take advantage what I've learned from torture, torment and enjoyment through my own personal experiences. Today is my opinions, tip and idea's about buying a new tent or canopy, as well as car camping gear.  I will include outdoor product reviews as I go.  You can learn from my mistakes and benefit from my knowledge. View my own personal selections of affordable and quality tents for the year. This blog will update as needed.

Enjoy the outdoors...because Life is Good!

BLOG SECTIONS:

!These jump to page links are not working due to BlogSpot rescripting!

General Tent Buying Tips
Car Camping & Small Tents
5 Basic Tent Requirements
Other Features for All Tents
5 Additional Requirements for Quality Tents
Problem Solving Tips for All Tents
Affordable Cheap Tents for 2014
Tent Combo Starter Packages
Quality Tents for 2014
Economy Evolution Considerations
List of Outdoor Websites





GENERAL TENT BUYING TIPS


CHOOSE THE RIGHT SIZE TENT:

Don't rely on the 6-person tent actually sleeping 6 people, it's more like 4 people unless you like to sleep with your head beside another persons feet. Every person would have to use a mummy sleeping bag and lay perfectly still and flat on their backs all night long.  Look for a graphical diagram that shows how the people fit inside. Just use common sense on selecting the appropriate size you need.  Get the sizes of your mats, cots or airbeds first and then do the math on the floor size of the tent.  Also consider extra space wanted to put gear and bags, room to change clothes and if you want tables or chairs inside.

DOME STYLE VS CABIN STYLE:

Dome tents make set up fast and easy, typically with only 2 interconnecting shock corded fiberglass poles for the frame, depending on the overall size. They simply cross each other forming an X at the roofline. Generally domes have a small to med size pack. Cabin tents are nice with their straight up walls, providing all interior space to be used. Usually they have D-style doors to make enter and exit easier. They are big, bulky and have numerous steel poles for sturdy support, with most also having a dome roof. Some can use the rain fly as a shade awning over the entrance door. Both styles should be freestanding, non the less.  I personally had a large 2 room Columbia Cougar Flats cabin tent that withstood tornadic weather and torrential downpours.  It was certainly a nice tent.  I am wondering if Columbia is marketing tents any longer though, because I am unable to find new ones on the net. I had to downsize though due to difficulties of setting up this condo by myself. I did it numerous times alone, but skill and time was involved. It's large pack size was also a consideration for going back to the dome tent.

STRAIGHT WALL VS SLANTED: Canopy & Tent

Having straight up side walls is most important for a canopy, since this is where I spend a lot of time. I use my canopy not only for shade, but for wind and rain protection for my kitchen and gear. When it rains, water will run directly on the bottom fabric of slanted walls where it will eventually become saturated.  Water saturation is far less on straight walls where rain falls from the roof to the ground instead. 

Straight walls for a screened in canopy is near dire, which also applies to any enclosed tent.  Slanted walls reduce usable space. Period. Say you bought a 10'x10' canopy or tent with slanted walls.  The floor area is 10', whereas the roof  is about 8'-9' thus reducing the amount of shade and rain protection. Chairs, beds and tables have to be placed more towards the center area in order to use them appropriately.  Then there's the standing room, which is reduced to the center floor area as well. With tents, straight walls are only available on certain design types like the cabin tents and some of the old school canvas tents. Canopies on the other hand, should never even make a slanted wall design to begin with! 

AUTOMATIC POLELESS STYLE: Canopy & Tent

These modern day wonders keep evolving every year with all kinds of shapes and sizes.  These do not use poles of any kind, but rather uses a flexible integrated frame that you bend, twist and push into a round circle shaped storage bag. This takes some practice! But once you have it figured out, its a breeze with smaller units. Tweaking the frame can occur so if the unit does not easily fold up, do not force it. Permanent tweaking may happen if folded wrongly for a period of time, thus will not stand up properly the next time.  Setting up couldn't be easier.  Simply take out of the bag and it automatically pops up.  Some small tents you can actually throw up in the air to set up.  



It's hard to categorize these as freestanding because technically they are, but the bottom must be staked down, else will fold up or flip up depending on the style. Some brands have pockets to add sandbags for weight, when staking is not an option. I have tried a few of these types, some great and some not so great. The first is the Outback Porta Privy utility tent or privacy shelter.  This is a great product!  See details in the "car camping" section.





The next one I bought was a large screen house on eBay. It was 12'x12' and very tall.  The photo of the storage bag was deceiving and didn't state the size.  This disk shaped bagged tent was the size of a car hood!  The only way to haul it was to put it flat on the very bottom of the cargo area in my SUV. Remember...The larger the unit, the bigger the disk bag! The fold up process was quite an experience too, as the sheer size was a bit hard to push and twist back down into rings. Since this is another no name China tent from a seller on eBay, I can currently only find the China wholesale sites for this product.  I've included a photo for an example of what not to buy, unless you want to drag around a car hood sized disk.



Then I bought a play tent for my kid, which works fine.  It's made like a 2 man tent, which flips up on both ends if not staked down.

Bottom line: The poleless tents are best on a small scale.  The taller or larger the unit, the bigger the storage ring and the bigger the hassle of folding it back up.  All units require staking, and big units must also have guy line wires.

AUTOMATIC AIR POLE SYSTEMS

A new innovation that's becoming more and more popular are frames where traditional poles are replaced by an inflatable lift system.  This is a one piece design where you simply connect an air pump and the unit automatically erects.  An effortless way to camp! Common sense tells me that it would be best to get one with multiple chambers for all obvious reasons.

For those on a budget, the Wenzel Vortex costs $200-300 or maybe even cheaper on Amazon.

Kelty makes the AIRLIFT4  3-season tent that retails for $440.00 and the MACH6 is $500. View photo's and video's of all their AIRPITCH tents at http://www.kelty.com/co-airpitch-tents.aspx


The Europeans are at it again with this unique octagon shaped Hemiplant Cave Tent. Price: $700 US at http://www.myplaydirect.com/afterearthsurvivalstore/heimplanet-cave-tent/details/28089615





AUTOMATIC HUB STYLE: Canopy & Tent

What a grand thought to be able to set up any tent in a matter of minutes!  Easier said than done in most cases.  These units are designed to be one piece. No poles to put together or frame to construct.  The larger the unit, the heavier and hard to handle it becomes, as I found out from personal experience.  The locking hub style can vary from brand to brand and so functionality varies as well.  Plus, if one thing breaks, then the entire unit is scrap.  Replacement parts may not be an option, because all poles and parts are fused, sewn or glued together for the one piece set up.



I have bought some of the very 1st designs on the market and all types of units, because I so wanted this idea to work!  The first was the Texsport pup tent (under $75) I have used for many years.  Works like a charm, kind of flimsy but doesn't seem to matter because of its small size. See car camping section for comparable model.

Since I had good luck with that, I bought a large automatic canopy. "Quick Set Screen Tent with Awnings and Side Walls by Pinnacle Tents" ($300+$50 shipping). This was a nice canopy when it was in use, but a nightmare to set up by myself.  The locking poles were awkward and so was the roof hub, for things tended to get tweaked.  One time a hard wind came up during set up and wrapped the entire unit around me and rolled me off down the hill...yikes!  It also required guy line wires to be securely taught, else the entire frame would twist and sway. Obviously not freestanding as I first thought during time of purchase. This unit saw its death when one of the plastic corner connections cracked and broke. Since it was all a one piece unit, I had to scrap the entire canopy. 



So I then bought a cheap Coleman Instant Screen house ($115) to replace the previous expensive one.   Coleman's screen house is the most flimsy unit I've ever seen, complete with wimpy little zippers that would surely break.  30 seconds after set up, a mild breeze came through and knocked the unit over of which mangled all the poles and ripped the thin screen material. Returned it immediately.  I just went back to the good old trusty freestanding First Up steel frame canopy, which they have even started cheaping out about 4 years ago.

I did however later buy a Coleman sun shade with the automatic hub that seems to work fine.  It was on sale for $35 at the Coleman store, so it was worth a try.

Bottom Line: It seems to me that automatic hub design is best suited for small tent units.  It's not worth the hassle or the expense for the larger tent units, which is best to have two people to set up and a strong back to even carry the heavy unwheeled duffle pack. These are becoming more and more popular, so it's a good idea to keep looking and investigating new designs and brands every year.

FLOOR FOOTPRINT:

Optional, but serves a purpose. This is a piece of fabric that the tent sets on top of.  It keeps mud off the bottom of the tent and offers additional protection to help prevent punctures on the floor from rocks and sticks.   I personally like to use a heavy quilt or thin rug inside to provide cushion to the floor as well as to your feet. High end brands usually offer an optional footprint for additional purchase that's specifically for your size tent. Its made of a thinner material to reduce the pack load. 

Some people just use an ordinary tarp, but adds more bulk to the pack.  A good idea is to pick a tarp size that's 3-4 feet longer than your tent to provide a built in porch floor in front of the entry door. This will help reduce the amount of mud, sand and debris that is tracked inside your tent.

SEASONAL TENTS:

A summer only tent has lots of mesh windows, roof vents and ventilation.  A 3 season tent is designed to accommodate Spring, Summer and Fall temperatures.  They have design features to retain heat as well ventilate to let air in and to escape. The 4 season tent  typically has a full rain fly that covered the entire unit from top to bottom in order to completely seal out the winter cold. These are usually pup tents or small, low dome tents.

DRY BAGS TO PROTECT TENTS & GEAR:

I use dry bags to store and carry my tents and gear.  The duffle type bags are the best for tents. I can then throw bags on my rooftop racks or on a trailer without anything getting wet or dusty.  This proves to be a good long term storage option as well, especially if you store gear in the garage or outside shed.  The dry bags keep mold and mildew at bay. 

Be aware when packing up from camp, that the tent must be COMPLETELY dry before storing in a dry bag.  The same rule should apply for any bag, but absolutely no moisture wicking will occur in a plastic type bag, thus promotes mold. Dry the bottom of the tent in the sunshine before packing up.  This is where a footprint comes in handy.

Keep in mind that many duffle style bags have a water "resistant" bottom and not fully waterproof.  I suppose they are made for taking on powered boats, which still does not make any sense to me.  "Sea to Summit" is a reliable brand that makes sm-med sized roll top bags that's 100% waterproof. Coleman makes a very large roll top dry bag that fits 2 sleeping bags or a tent. It has straps like a backpack, but I cut them off to prevent the straps from ripping a hole in the material. It's not like I'm going to go backpacking with a heavy pack that's bigger than me!


BEST LED CAMP LIGHTING:

Now that LED lights have nearly replaced traditional bulbs, battery operated lighting lasts a long time, even if its not rechargeable. I have found that full size LED lanterns can have an overbearing white light that attracts an entire forest of insects when you turn it on, not to mention how intrusive the bright light is. The following are tried and true lights to give just the right amount of light needed.




Coleman 10 Mini Lantern String Lights
$20 at www.wamart.com
$30 at www.coleman.com
I cannot stress how awesome these are!  A wonderful initial surprise that became a treasured item I've used for numerous years and I even buy replacement sets as needed. One set can hang from your tent for ample amount of light. Hang 2 sets on the canopy, one on each side, for perfect lighting all night long.  They operate on only 3 AA batteries and have lasted an entire season. They will go for days when left on 24 hrs a day. Impressive! These do not attract bugs either.





Ozark Trail Hanging Disk Light
$9 at www.walmart.com
This works awesome for the canopy.  For soft light, hang it upside down to turn the canopy top into a giant lamp shade. Hang it face down for more direct lighting over a picnic table or camp stove. Does not attract bugs and lasts for a long time. Use a bungee cord to hang from center canopy frame. Has a carabiner clip for tents. I've seen other brands with a remote control also.


Puck Punch Lights
These work great for everywhere. Available with one, three or five LED lights. Typically the bad reviews derive from the self stick tape failing to hold. I replaced the factory tape with my own double face tape, commercial grade Velcro or magnet strips that I super glued to the light. 


Velcro (hook side) sticks to carpet, like in my teardrop camper with carpet lined walls or on the back of the seats in the cargo area of my SUV. Use magnet strips, which I took off of memo pads, and then stick to the car, canopy frame, trailer frame, poles and any other metal object. Use commercial grade velco for a semi-permanent solution for the roof of cargo trailers, campers or even on the dome light lens in a car. Perfect for car camping. I even use a Velcroed waterproof puck on the inside of the cooler lid, which omits scrambling for a flashlight every time I need something.




Sylvania Waterproof Tap Lights
$16 per 3 pk at www.walmart.com or www.homedepot.com
The waterproof lights have a soft lens, so is harder to push than the typical hard plastic lens. The 3 LED puck light is not a lot of light, but enough to see what your doing. Some of the bad reviews say these are hard to punch on.  This is due to the soft rubber like lens which requires extra pressing power, compared to the hard plastic lens of  non-waterproof versions.

Main Lantern Lighting
I only use big light for special purposes, like setting up camp, cooking or trying to find something that got lost in the dark.  My sister has the "Coleman 8D Square Packaway Full Size LED Lantern" ($30) that is brighter than a street light!  OMG it's bright! To each his own, but I don't necessarily want that kind of light so when I personally made the conversion from traditional bulb to LED, I decided to go with the ...

Coleman CPX™ System
It gives you a power choice option of four D cell batteries or one CPX™ 6 rechargeable (12v or A/C) power cartridge, each sold separately. Either of these power packs are also compatible with other CPX products making versatility a priority. I bought both packs to accommodate both weekend trips and extended primitive trips. I would still rate this as a super bright light and there doesn't seem to be much difference between low and high. The insects will swarm when its turned on, but you can certainly see what you need. The versatile Velcro strap can hang or mount to just about anything.




CPX6 Easy Hanging Lantern
Price: $40 at Coleman (watch video)
http://www.coleman.com/Product/2000006663#.U6cW-2dOWqZ


CPX6 Rechargeable Power Cartridge
Price: $25 at Coleman
Includes A/C and D/C power adapter cords 

4D Battery Pack Cartridge
Price: $3.21 at Coleman
Batteries sold separately


BATTERY FANS

Fans provide proper ventilation and/or circulate fresh air in a hot stale tent.  I've tried several fans and come to the conclusion that I do not like Coleman tent fans. The Cool Zephyr fan with light and foam blades seem like a good idea but I found it rather useless.  First of all, when the 4 D batteries were installed it made the unit very heavy thus sag and strain on the fabric.  Then it takes 2 people to place the magnets mounts, one inside and one outside which must be able to reach the top outside of tent.  A window version is available that has a corded power box that housed 6 D batteries, but the magnet issue still remains.

The best fan that I've found and used for many years is a small 10" battery operated fan by O2Cool.  Many models are available and selections vary from store to store, so its best to choose a model from the website before purchasing at http://www.o2-cool.com/battery-operated-fans.  

Prices range from $15-$30 for non-rechargeable battery fans and $60 for the rechargeable.  Model feature variances: Rechargeable & battery combos, D battery only, AC only, Solid base, flip base, swivel front, USB ports, and with or without AC cords or DC cords. I've used the 10" O2Cool fan for over 5 years until the rechargeable battery life finally came to its end.  I will be replacing it with the new version listed below.




10" O2Cool Smart Power Rechargeable w/USB:
Features: Automatically goes to (8 D) battery power when the rechargeable battery runs out.  AC and DC cords included. Tilt front. USB port for mobile device charging.  2 speeds.
Price: $60 at Home Depot or Walmart

5" O2Cool Small Battery Fan:
This is also a good tiny little fan that runs on 2 D batteries.
Price: $6 at Home Depot or Walmart





CAR CAMPING & SMALL TENTS


Whether its a spur of the moment one nighter or a planned weekend trip, my young boy and I often just sleep in my SUV.  This works quite well for us, especially with me being a mother whose always by myself camping. I've reduced my setup time and made activities as easy as possible.  It's not uncommon for me to 4x4 down some back road and decide to camp for the night, in places where there is no room for a full size tent.  This is how how I roll...

SECURITY AND PERKS:

Car camping is more secure than sleeping in a tent since there's the ability to lock the doors. This keeps people out and at the same time keeps your little one in.  I rely on the car alarm to go off if my son decides to open the door to escape!  Drowning in the lake, being swept down the river or getting lost in the vast forrest...is always a concern when I have my little boy with me.  I also sleep easy knowing we are safe from mountain lions and bears, and even the pesky little varmints don't interrupt my slumber. Bad weather isn't a concern either. Rain doesn't matter. We are safe during high winds of tornadic storms. It's warmer when the temps drop, especially since it keeps the moist air away.

GEAR STORAGE:

I have a 2-Man pup tent with auto hub quick set that I throw up to store & protect gear that I've removed from the SUV to make a bed. This gives a place to shade coolers too, prolonging valuable ice.  I have had and used an inexpensive "Texsport" automatic hub tent for many years. This favorite is no longer available as with many of my favorite camp gear items. Brands like "Grand Trunk",  "Coleman" and "ABO Gear" may offer something similar. The closest one I can currently find is on Amazon....Another no name tent straight from China I expect. Remember, anyone can sell these China tents and put their name on it, as if it were a brand. So Genji Sports in the following example is the seller, not the brand of tent.



Genji Sports - Instant Camping Tent
Tent Dimensions: 220cm(L)x150cm(W)x110cm(H)
Retail Price: $119.

Cheaper on Amazon
http://www.amazon.com/Genji-Sports-Instant-Camping-Tent/dp/B008213VQY/ref=sr_1_12?ie=UTF8&qid=1403274427&sr=8-12&keywords=genji+tent

PRIVACY SHELTER:

I also have an instant poleless popup utility tent for changing clothes, bathroom and shower purposes. It takes a little practice, but folds up flat inside a circle shaped bag. The "Outback Porta Privy" as shown previously is what I've used for many years without fail, but I currently do not see it available on any site. A comparable alternative is the


Trekker Fold-A-Privy:
Size: 4 ft. x 4 ft. x 7 ft. tall. 
Price: $55.00 at Cabela's.

http://www.cabelas.com/product/Trekker-Fold-A-Privy/746435.uts .

BED:

Note that it is imperative to have some kind of padding for inside the car.   When the seats are folded down, the flat surface is extremely hard and often times have latches and hooks.  The ground is a much softer place! When I don't have any padding with me, then I will just sleep in the reclining front seat. My choice is a specially sized airbed designed just for SUV's.  Since I have a mid-size SUV, the Coleman SUV QuickBed works for me. Larger vehicles may have larger bed options. Sleeping inside the car leaves you and your bedding dry and cozy. 





Coleman SUV QuickBed® Airbed:
Size: 73 in. x 40 in. x 6.5 in (fits standard twin size sheets).
Price: $35.00 at Coleman.com (free shipping over $49).

http://www.coleman.com/Product/2000010281#.U6GxfmdOWqY


AIR PUMP:

12V Air Pump: Although the Coleman 4 D battery powered "QuickPump" ($25) low power pump works OK, I only use it when my tent is too far away from the 12V power source of the car.  There's also the "Rechargeable QuickPump" ($40) alternative.  There's always the option to use a manual foot or hand pump too, like the Coleman Brand ($13) Dual action that inflates while pushing or pulling the hand lever. I prefer and use the Airhead 12V pump available at many different stores. I keep this in my car at all times for the bed mattress, water inflatables and kids toys.




Airhead 12V pump:
Price: $21 at Airhead.com

http://www.airhead.com/lounge-play/pumps/12v-air-pump.html

This 12V Air Pump has a high-volume output that's powerful enough for even towables that most others fail at.  It has universal valve fittings for most inflatables and a nice 10 foot long power cord. It completely deflates also, so pack compression can be attained. Volume is 380 liters/minute. Maximum pressure: .71 psi. Draws 11.8 amps / 145 watts.



SELF INFLATING CAMP PADS:
I have always kept a pair of these around for any occasion.  I have found that sleeping on the ground is warmer than sleeping on air beds in cool weather so I would use the pads. Air in the air beds stay cold, thus you have cold air above and below you.


The self inflating pads are water resistant and super easy because you don't even have to have an inflator. Simply unroll it, open the valve and wait. It will automatically expand over a short period of time. Bad reviews generally come from people who expect it to be like an air mattress.  It is not.  It's basically a regular camp pad that uses air and compression straps for maximum compression when rolled up. Two pads are smaller rolls than regular camp pads, but take up more pack space than a single high queen air bed.




Regular Coleman self inflating pads run about $35 each, or a double that's about $100. Look at www.rei.com for a nice selection of good pads of all kinds and in all price ranges.


WINDOW SCREEN:

During hot summer months, I cover the windows with cut up pieces of mesh screen that is attached to the vehicle with magnets. This keeps the mosquito's out, which seem to target my son. Can add a screen to your sunroof as well.  If you don't want to make one, you can order screens online that is made to specifically fit your vehicle...


Magnascreen:
Price $15 ea from the Magnascreen Website

http://www.magnascreen.com

POWER:

We use the car's 12V plugs to power iPads, portable DVD players, mobile devices and phones as well as blowing up the air bed. To preserve battery supply,  I only use the air pump while the car is running and I only switch on the dome light for quick light. I use one LED lantern or punch lights for extended light usage that may even last an entire season.   Starting the car periodically and letting it run allows the alternator to recharge the battery. However, I do keep a jump start power box in reserve, just in case the car battery may go dead.  I always choose a model that has a tire inflator also so it has dual emergency purposes, along with a tire plug kit of course.

GLOW STICK LIGHTING:

Glow sticks hung from the roof hooks provide enough neon light for the kids to play as well as for a night light. The yellow color makes the most light. I buy "necklace" glow sticks and hook them together to make a long skinny rope.  Then wind the strand around the entire side of the car, using suction cups on the rear glass windows. Tip: Put already cracked glow sticks in the ice cooler and they will still be working the next night!

MY 5 BASIC TENT REQUIREMENTS

1) FREESTANDING:

Staking and guy line wires must NOT be required, which will work on all types of terrain, including river gravel banks, sandy beaches and concrete pads. If the floor is required to be staked, then the stakes will pull out of loose ground like gravel and sand thus collapsing. Plus the tent will not be able to be used on concrete camp site pads or tail gating parking lots. I live in the Ozark Mountains of MO/AR where the ground is extremely hard and full of rocks, sometimes making it impossible to drive a stake securely into the ground.  Also keep in mind that those cool looking tents where the rain fly comes out as an awing or porch for the entry door, requires the corners to be staked out. Always stake your tent as best you can, but always consider the possibility of not having that ability.  Whether its a quality or el-cheap-o tent,  Freestanding Tents is the ultimate most important aspect in my opinion, because I don't know where I may pitch a tent. 

The biggest mistake I ever made was getting a new tent without paying attention to the setup requirements. The floor had to be staked out and the sides also had to have guy line wires staked.  I took my new tent to the river bank and pitched it on the gravel bar.  It was immediately apparent I would have issues.  First of all, it was nearly impossible to stretch the material tight enough for zippers to work. The loose material around the door caused the zipper to hang up and get caught in the material nearly every time.  I ended up just leaving the door open to creepy crawlies and insects. Then when the guy line wires came loose with a slight breeze, the windows was unusable and in the end the entire tent became unusable when the sides collapsed.  I ended my trip short and immediately returned this tent. Live and Learn....Never again will this happen!

2) WINDOWS:

Must have zippered flaps and be able to open & close from the inside. This provides quick privacy and quick close up if it unexpectedly rains as well as the ability to open the windows when you want to look outside to see what that noise was! Some tents don't have flaps at all, but rather it uses the rain fly to completely cover windows, which reduces ventilation in the summer, reduces heat capture in cool seasons and omits all of the above abilities.

3) RAIN FLY:

The rain fly comes in many forms, but it must not cover windows! (except 4 season tents).  "Awning" type fly's that have an overhang above the windows is preferred, usually having a pole to keep the fly elevated.  I like to keep the rain fly on at all times, so this design allows shade during the day, dew protection at night, rain protection at anytime and all the while achieving ventilation and visibility options at any point.

4) TALL HEIGHT:

Selections are slim for 9'-10' tents that you can actually stand up in.  It makes life much happier when you can freely move around the tent and undress without laying down.   You'll also appreciate the height when you take shelter during rain storms.

5) TUB FLOOR:

A tub floor means that the bottom of the floor extends up the sides of the tent several inches. This prevents gushing rain from pouring through the floor seam, which happened with old school tents.  Most tents have these now days, but its still worth a mention. Be aware though that modern tents with a super cheap price tag may not have the tub floor design. You get what you pay for.

OTHER FEATURES FOR ALL TENTS


DOUBLE WALL CONSTRUCTION:

Double wall fabric construction allows less condensation and more ventilation.  Pretty much a standard on family tents. Will have to read the specs on lightweight backpacking tents.

RIPSTOP FLOOR:

RipStop polyethylene floor means that if a tear happens in the floor, it will remain a single tear and will not continue to get bigger. Pretty much a standard these days.

NO-SEE-UM MESH:

No-See-Um mesh screen keeps out the smallest insects but lets the air flow through. Pretty much a standard these days.


5 ADDITIONAL FEATURES FOR QUALITY TENTS:


1) ZIPPERS:

Zipper construction must have girth. Flimsy little zippers get hung up on the material eventually causing holes and then usually end up breaking, therefore the entire tent is trash! Quality tents typically have 2-way zippers on the doors so it can be opened & closed from either inside or outside the tent. Quality tents also have a well constructed rain flap that covers the zippers, which is important because thin flimsy covers tend to get caught in the zipper track. It seems to me that the price of a tent is based on the quality of the zippers!  A key feature to remember for all those bargain shoppers at thrift stores, garages sales and outlet stores.

2) TAPED SEAMS & RAIN FLY:

No matter what quality tent is purchased, its a good idea to spray all the seams with with waterproofing sealant, or the entire fly at the minimum. High end tents come pre-treated. Re-apply sealant at the beginning of every season or maybe more often with heavy frequent use. All seams should be "taped", which means factory pressure sealed tape is applied over all seams to prevent leaks. Further precautionary measures would be to also apply a seam sealer on top of the tape as well.  Cheap tents often times have no sealed seams. Medium priced tents often only have a taped rainfly. Top of the line models have all seams taped on the entire tent.  Taped fly and floor seams are most important. Read the descriptions in full.

3) STORAGE BAG:

As menial as this may sound, it soon becomes of utmost importance  when repacking the tent.  I have noticed that cheap tents hardly never fit back in the bag once its removed!  The type of storage bag also tells the quality of the tent (lightweight backpacking tents excluded).  The storage bag should be made of sturdy material with a sturdy zipper, often times having a zippered expanding section like a suit case. Large heavy tents should have a roller bag.  Compression straps on any bag is helpful when squeezing the fluffed up fabric back into the bag and to help relieve pressure on the zipper to prevent blowouts. Then there's always my choice of using a dry bag instead.

4) TENT STAKES:

Quality tents usually come with sturdy metal stakes, so no need to replace them.  ALWAYS replace flimsy plastic stakes that come with a majority of products, with sturdy metal stakes that can break through any rock it may encounter. Your just out of luck if your stake breaks in half instead of the rock!

5) REPLACEMENT PARTS:

Quality tent manufactures usually have an easy way to order replacement parts for any pieces that get broken.  Its cheaper to replace an expensive pole versus the cost of a whole new tent. No name tents from China won't have a customer service, and off brand tents may be a long lived story to attain the parts if they are even available.



PROBLEM SOLVING TIPS FOR ALL TENTS

PROBLEMS STAKING DOWN TENTS & CANOPIES

When staking is difficult or impossible, you may have to resort to other methods. An empty or light weight tent can fly away in the wind, so use coolers, rocks or heavy items inside the tent when staking securely is not an option. Tie guy line wires to the handles of milk jugs filled with water, sand or gravel. Tie to large rocks if nothing else is available.

HOW TO REPAIR HOLES IN NYLON FABRIC

Order a nylon patch kit from REI.  This may save you from buying a whole new tent. Coleman also offers an outdoor repair kit that patches holes, inflatable plastic holes and includes a bottle of seam sealer. In an emergency, burn the edges of the rip with a lighter so that it won't get bigger or start to run. Then use tape to cover the tear. Duct tape is the only tape that will stick to nylon.

HOW TO REPAIR A BROKEN FIBERGLASS POLE

The 101th use for duct tape! Don't leave home without it! Order replacement pole ASAP and I usually order 2, so I have an extra one on hand for next time!



MY SELECTIONS FOR AFFORDABLE CHEAP TENTS 2014:


DOME TENTS: tall height





Pinnacle Dome Tent
Size: 8 x 10 x 6.5' tall
Price: $170 Online Only
http://www.camptents.com/shop/dome-tent/
Meets all my personal requirements. Hard to find tent!
Note: Manufacture Wholesale Only
http://www.pinnacletents.com
(can make custom tents: 200 min)


Suisse Sport Mammoth 
Size: 12' x 10' x 6' tall', 4 person 2 room
Price: $67 at Target and Amazon
Target.com online only, no store availability
http://www.target.com/p/suisse-sport-mammoth-4-person-2-room-dome-tent-12-x-10-x-72/-/A-12824740#prodSlot=medium_1_2&term=suisse+sport+tent
Amazon.com Free Shipping (often out of stock)
http://www.amazon.com/Suisse-Sport-Person-Mammoth-divider/dp/B003ASVBDY/ref=sr_1_43?s=outdoor-recreation&ie=UTF8&qid=1403132774&sr=1-43&keywords=tent



Ozark Trail 6 Person Dome Tent
Size: 8x12x6'1" tall
Color: Grey w/Lime Green or Orange
Note: The 6 person is the only model that the fly doesn't cover the windows, even though windows cannot be opened during rain.

Price: $75 at Walmart (Usually out of stock)
http://www.walmart.com/ip/Ozark-Trail-12-x-8-Dome-Tent-Sleeps-6/29341481#Item+Description
Price: $120-300 at Amazon

AUTOMATIC HUB TENTS-tall height:



Coleman Instant Dome7 
Size: 11x10x6'3" tall  
Model No.2000012220
Note: Only the Dome7 has elevated fly over windows.
Walmart has the regular dome with the fly flush against the windows.

Price: $200 at Coleman.com w/free shipping
http://www.coleman.com/Product/2000012220#.U6IjLWdOWqY


Bass Pro Shops® Five Person Speed Frame Cabin Tent
Size: 9x10x6'6" tall
Price: $200 at Bass Pro
http://www.basspro.com/Bass-Pro-Shops-Five-Person-Speed-Frame-Tent/product/1212080600569/



AUTOMATIC HUB TENTS-short height:



Ozark Trail 6-Person Instant Dome 
Size: 10x9x5.5'tall
Price: $90 at Walmart (115-4 star reviews)

http://www.walmart.com/ip/Ozark-Trail-10-x-9-Instant-Dome-Tent-Sleeps-6/34109041



No Name or Any Name "Automatic Camping Tent" :
Has a stand alone small canopy. China Wholesale. 
Outer tent dimension: 7.2' x 6.6' x 4.3'
Inner tent dimension: 6.6' x 5.9' x 3.9'
Carton box size: 31.5" x 5.9" x 5.9"

Avg Price: $100-150 on eBay & Amazon

*eBay $100 or less w/free shipping and buy it now and best offer
US CA Seller: 
http://stores.ebay.com/A-BIG-COMPANY?_trksid=p2047675.l2563
*Amazon $125 Seller Lerway w/different prices on different ads
*China wholesale http://www.aliexpress.com/item/Camel-3-4-fully-automatic-double-camping-tent-double-layer-outdoor-camping-tent-field/1885404497.html)

AFFORDABLE STARTER PACKAGE SETS:

A tent package that comes with bedding or other equipment. Probably not great quality, but would work for a newbies quick trip.


Ozark Trail 9x10 Dome Tent Set:
Tent + 2 Sleeping Bags + 4 Chairs. 
Half Price Sale : $189 at Walmart
www.walmart.com (yellow/camo mismatched)

Ozark Trail ?x? Dome Tent Set:
Tent + 2 Sleeping Bags + 1 Air Bed Matress
Price: $229 at Walmart
 
www.walmart.com (yellow/camo matching)


Ozark Trail 33pc Set:
Tent + 1 sleeping bag + 2 chairs + koozies + soft cooler + picnic set.
Note: It appears that the ends MUST be staked to function properly.
Price: $100 at Walmart
www.walmart.com Usually out of stock Walmart Online. (red/white all matching)


Stansport 5'6" x 6'6" x ??short Set:
Tent + 2 sleeping bags + 2 pads + 2 chairs + lantern + 2 long forks
Price: $152 Walmart

Price: $146 Target
http://www.target.com/p/stansport-2-person-camp-set/-/A-13808906#prodSlot=medium_1_4&term=stansport+tent


CANOPY & TENT COMBOS FOR 2014






Axis 4 Person Screen Tent Shelter
by The Camping Equipment Company
Size: 10'x10'x9' tall
Total Weight: 31lbs (Packed dimensions: 4'x1'x6")
Features: Nearly straight walls / Freestanding  Canopy / 4 Removable Screens / 4 Removable Walls / Add floor for tent / Optional small tents can attach to the sides. 

Website: The Axis 4-Person Screen Tent Shelter is a waterproof, free-standing screen shelter. It is part of the Modular Tent System or MTS, meaning it can be adjoined with up to 4 Zulu 3 (a 3-person tent) tents creating a mega tent with plenty of standing space that can serve as storage or dining area and sleeping space! The Camping Equipment Co manufacturer website: http://www.campingequipmentco.com/modular-tent-system/


Axis Canopy
Price: $219.99  + $30 shipping (no longer available)
http://www.campingcove.com/axis-4-person-screen-tent-shelter/

Price: $329.00 (free ship to home 3rd party)
http://www.walmart.com/ip/Camping-Equipment-AXIS-4-Person-Screen-Tent-Canopy-MTS-Combo/33354930


Combo: 1 Axis Canopy + 2 Zulu tents
The Zulu 3 person tents are free standing or can be attached to the Axis.
Price $455 + $30 shipping
http://www.sportsrecreationmall.com/cpec021.html

Zulu Tents:

Unable to find just the satellite tents alone.



COLEMAN 2-FOR-1 INSTANT HALF TENT/CANOPY
Stand alone canopy or with tent insert w/ automatic hub

Half Tent:
Shelter Size: 14 x 9 x 6'7" center
Actual Tent Size: Unknown (appears to be half the canopy size)
Price: $260 at Coleman
http://www.coleman.com/Product/2000015058#.U6RdFGdOWqY

Full Tent:
Shelter Size: 14 x 8 x 6'7" center
Price: $319 at Coleman
http://www.coleman.com/product/instant-2-for-1-tent-and-shelter/2000014336?contextCategory=11020#.U6RfiWdOWqY


MY SELECTIONS FOR QUALITY TENTS 2014:

This Section Under Construction.......more to come


Editors Choice: This is my pick for performance & price

Alps Mountaineering Meramac 2 Room Dome
Size: 10x12x6'2 tall
Retail Price: $279
Features: Freestanding, hooded fly over windows & doors, 2 room removable divider, 6 person, 2 doors & 2 windows both with flaps, shock corded fiberglass frame, factory sealed fly & floor seams, extra large #8 door zippers, 3-Season.
Note: Only the 2 Room Meramac model has zippered windows and hooded fly.

Price: $200 at Campmore + $30 shipping ($60 overnight)
http://www.campmor.com/outdoor/gear/Product___29329#


Price: $175 at Amazon + Free Shipping
http://www.amazon.com/ALPS-Mountaineering-Meramac-Room-Tent/dp/B004QCK3C8/ref=sr_1_1?s=sporting-goods&ie=UTF8&qid=1403538162&sr=1-1&keywords=Alps+Mountaineering+Meramac+2+Room+Tent



Expedition Base Camp Tent: First Ascent Pantheon Dome
Price: $2,000 from Eddie Bauer
http://www.eddiebauer.com/product/pantheon-dome-base-camp-tent/82301752/_/A-ebSku_0231752900__82301752_catalog10002_en__US?showProducts=&backToCat=Tents&previousPage=GNAV&tab=gear&dcolor=900

Other Brands to add:
Eureka!North FaceKeltyMarmontMSR Backpacking


ECONOMY EVOLVUTION CONSIDERATIONS

In conclusion, consider the effects from the winds of change. Things are not as they were before in todays economy.  Brand names do not always have the trusted quality as I have relied on in past years.  Coleman for instance, an age old industry standard in outdoor gear, has really cheaped out in quality over recent years although not necessarily reflected in the price tag.  This goes for nearly every brand and product these days, so it's hard to give advice on quality items.

It is my opinion that products have become "disposable" and it seems to me that it's just as good to buy the cheap-O items and replace them every year or as needed VS spending the big bucks on so called "quality" products that generally doesn't last any longer.   Buying "old" stuff at garage sales may be your best bet.  One example is old ice coolers actually had insulation in them, not just an air barrier like today's choices!  You will pay hundreds of dollars for a well insulated cooler. White Igloo "Marine" labeled coolers are your best bet.

Companies are also reducing quality to keep last year's price tag. The Ozark Trail Firstup Canopy is a fine example.  For many years, the steel frame was extremely sturdy and the roof fabric was thick with a silver lining.  The replacement I purchased on down the line, I noticed that just the sheer weight different was evadible.  Keep in mind that some might try to trick you by advertising "New lighter weight".  The girth of this canopy's steel legs is now much smaller, some of the metal brackets have been replaced with plastic ones and the top fabric is thin enough to see daylight through, buy maybe because the silver lining was omitted. Really have to be careful not to pinch the fabric in the frame, else holes will surely result.  Even the storage bag is thinner and more flimsy than before. 

Like I've already stated, look for quality zippers on ANY item that may have one: sleeping bags, tents, jackets, backpacks etc. The ability to get replacement parts is a plus too, no matter the brand name.  Keep in mind that big name brands often just put their name on a product, thus the same product may be available with different branding at a lower or higher price.  Tents from Columbia and Eddie Bauer are two examples of this, but I have to say the Columbia Cabin Tent I purchased several years ago did however have the quality I expected from Columbia and with minimal flaws.

Take advantage of the internet and do the research. Track down the manufacturer, compare photo's and view wholesaler sites, which nearly all of them is typically from China.  Always read online reviews to see how the product holds up and its functionality.  Amazon and Walmart are good places for reviews, no matter where you may actually buy the item.  I've bought things online from smaller sites that specifically brag on being from the USA and I paid a higher price for it, but upon receiving it there was a giant sticker on the box that read "Made in Vietnam". Go figure!  Big box stores have different items on their websites than is offered in the stores.  More than likely these items are coming directly from another company or distributor. Sear's actually tells you where it comes from and Walmart probably drop ships items from someone who gives them a special rate for high quantities sold.

If your tired of all the crap tents and products from China, which is the origin of nearly all of products bought in the USA now, try some European companies instead.  I have found many unique, innovative and quality outdoor products from Australia.  They do love the bush there!  Europeans are famous for backpacking, thus this is where to look for those type of products too.  American made, if there is such a thing are far and few between.  I have ran across very few small companies that custom make tents and canopies, but it's up to you if you want to pay the price for it.  I support our dwindling American manufacturing market as much as possible, but sometimes the option is just not available.

MY LIST OF BEST OUTDOOR WEBSITES

www.sierratradingpost.com (All things outdoors-name brand tents)
www.rei.com (backpacker's & accessories)
www.cabela's.com (All things outdoors)
www.LLbean.com (accessories)
www.campmor.com (tents & gear) excellent product descriptions
www.dickssportinggoods.com (All things outdoors. Member discounts)
www.kelty.com (tents)
www.eddiebauer.com (gear & accessories-few tents)
www.amazon.com (find discontinued and last years models)
www.harmonygear.com (paddle sports accessories)
www.yakima.com (Vehicle racks)
www.sevylor.com (Inflatable Boats)
www.seaeagle.com (Quality Inflatable Kayaks)


LOCAL OZARK MOUNTAIN STORES


www.gooutandplay.com (Lewis & Clark Outfitters & Forums-Fytvle AR) www.ozarkmtc.com (Ozark Mtn Trading Co, Floaters-Garfield AR/Ozark MO)
www.sunshinebike.com (Giant Bicycles, Good Racks-Spfg MO)
www.basspro.com (all things outdoors, Yakima Racks-Branson/Spfg)
www.coleman.com (tents & gear-Outlet Store Branson)
www.academy.com
(sports & outdoors-Springfield)
www.mcsports.com (sports & outdoors, no online sales-Branson)

www.target.com (SwissGear/Suisse Sport/Stansport)
www.walmart.com (Suisse Sport/Ozark Trail/Stansport)
www.sears.com (Everything, possibly worldwide)
www.whiteriverkayaking.com (Kayak & Bike Rental-Branson MO)




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